01 / Overview
What a utility model provides
A utility model patent secures the exclusive right to a technical solution relating to a device. Another manufacturer's product falls within the scope of protection if it has every feature of an independent claim. Replacing a single feature may take the product outside the claims: the claims are worked out together with the applicant so that the independent claim contains only the features without which the construction does not achieve its result.
A utility model is chosen when a construction needs to be protected quickly: mass-produced products, mechanisms, tooling, accessories. A utility model differs from an invention in that only a device is protected and inventive step is not examined on grant. Substantive examination of the application begins without a separate request, and the procedure usually takes less time; protection lasts for a shorter period and cannot be extended. The appearance of a product is protected by an industrial design patent.
Where the value of a product lies not only in its construction but also in the way it is used, separate applications are filed for the construction and for the method of its use. A utility model application can be converted into an application for another type of patent while retaining the priority date: the form of protection is changed if it becomes clear during examination that the solution needs broader protection.
The patent is used against copying of the construction: it is relied on in a letter of claim to the manufacturer of the copy and in a request to a platform.
If the device was created by a contractor and the contract did not expressly provide for its creation, the right to obtain a patent may remain with the contractor: documents on the applicant's rights are gathered before filing.
When an investor is brought in or the business changes hands, it is checked who owns the right to the utility model, what the claims cover, whether the patent is maintained in force and whether the rights of the inventors and contractors have passed to the company.